Associação de fatores de estresse e modos de cultivo para aumento da produtividade de lipídeos em Scenedesmus spp.
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
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As microalgas destacam-se como matéria-prima promissora para a produção de biocombustíveis, porém a viabilidade da produção de biodiesel depende da redução do custo de produção de biomassa. Para ser economicamente viável, a produtividade de biomassa, o teor lipídios nas células e a escala de produção devem ser aumentadas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar estratégias para aumento da produtividade de lipídios das linhagens de microalgas Scenedesmus obliquus BR003 e Scenedesmus bajacalifornicus BR024. Em escala laboratorial foram avaliados: efeito dos micronutrientes (manganês, zinco, cobalto e molibdênio); interação de diferentes concentrações de NaCl com os modos de cultivo (batelada, dois estágios e semi- contínuo); e a interação de diferentes níveis de nitrogênio e fósforo com os modos de cultivo. Em escala outdoor, visando validar o estudo em aplicações comerciais, o desempenho da linhagem S. obliquus BR003 foi avaliado em cultivos em tanques abertos tipo raceway com 4000 L de capacidade. A adição de micronutrientes foi responsável pelo aumento de 84 % e 51 % no teor de FAMEs para as linhagens S. obliquus BR003 e S. bajacalifornicus BR024, respectivamente. As maiores produtividades de lipídios obtidas em tratamentos com adição de NaCl foram: (1) 11,58 mg L -1 d -1 para o modo semi-contínuo, linhagem S. bajacalifornicus BR024 no tratamento com 5 g L -1 e (2) 10,74 mg L -1 d -1 para o modo batelada, S. obliquus BR003 e tratamento com 10 g L -1 . Não houve efeito significativo do fósforo para a produtividade de lipídios, e o nitrogênio só foi significativo no modo semi-contínuo. O cultivo outdoor de S. obliquus corroborou os resultados em escala laboratorial, nos quais os modos batelada e semi-contínuo apresentaram produtividades de lipídios neutros de 2,87 e 3,35 mg L -1 d -1 (p > 0,05). No entanto, em comparação ao modo batelada, a biomassa extraída com maior frequência no modo semi-contínuo apresentou menores teores de lipídios neutros, resultando em custos mais elevados para operações de coleta, concentração de biomassa, rompimento celular e extração do óleo para produção de biodiesel. O cultivo em tanque aberto, mesmo sob condições de baixa temperatura como observada nos experimentos, mostrou-se uma ótima estratégia para aumento de escala e redução do custo de produção da biomassa. Além disso S. obliquus destacou-se como uma linhagem promissora para produção de lipídios em tanques abertos, com composição de ácidos graxos desejadas para produção de biodiesel.
Microalgae stand out as a promising raw material for the production of biofuels, but the viability of biodiesel production depends on the reduction of the cost of biomass production. To be economically viable, the biomass productivity, the lipid content in the cells and the scale of production should be increased. This work aimed to evaluate strategies to increase lipid productivity of the microalgae strains Scenedesmus obliquus BR003 and Scenedesmus bajacalifornicus BR024. In laboratory scale were evaluated: effect of micronutrients (manganese, zinc, cobalt, and molybdenum); interaction of different concentrations of NaCl with the culture modes (single batch, two stages batch and semi-continuous); and the interaction of different levels of nitrogen and phosphorus with the cultivation modes. In an outdoor scale, aiming to validate the study in commercial applications, the performance of S. obliquus BR003 lineage was evaluated in cultures in open raceway type tanks with 4000 L of capacity. The addition of micronutrients was responsible for the increase of 84 % and 51 % in FAME content for S. obliquus BR003 and S. bajacalifornicus BR024 strains, respectively. The highest lipid yields obtained in treatments with NaCl addition were: (1) 11.58 mg L -1 d -1 for the semi- continuous mode, S. bajacalifornicus BR024 line in the treatment with 5 g L -1 and (2) 10.74 mg L -1 d -1 for batch mode, S. obliquus BR003 and 10 g L -1 treatment. There was no significant effect of phosphorus on lipid yield, and nitrogen was only significant in the semi-continuous mode. The outdoor cultivation of S. obliquus BR003 corroborated the laboratory-scale results, in which the single batch and semi-continuous methods presented neutral lipid yields of 2.87 and 3.35 mg L -1 d -1 (p > 0.05). However, in comparison to the single batch mode, the biomass extracted more frequently in the semi- continuous mode presented lower levels of neutral lipids, resulting in higher costs for collection operations, biomass concentration, cell disruption and oil extraction for biodiesel production. Open tank cultivation, even under low-temperature conditions as observed in the experiments, was an excellent strategy to increase scale and reduce the cost of biomass production. In addition, S. obliquus has been shown to be a promising line for lipid production in open tanks, with the desired fatty acid composition for biodiesel production.
Microalgae stand out as a promising raw material for the production of biofuels, but the viability of biodiesel production depends on the reduction of the cost of biomass production. To be economically viable, the biomass productivity, the lipid content in the cells and the scale of production should be increased. This work aimed to evaluate strategies to increase lipid productivity of the microalgae strains Scenedesmus obliquus BR003 and Scenedesmus bajacalifornicus BR024. In laboratory scale were evaluated: effect of micronutrients (manganese, zinc, cobalt, and molybdenum); interaction of different concentrations of NaCl with the culture modes (single batch, two stages batch and semi-continuous); and the interaction of different levels of nitrogen and phosphorus with the cultivation modes. In an outdoor scale, aiming to validate the study in commercial applications, the performance of S. obliquus BR003 lineage was evaluated in cultures in open raceway type tanks with 4000 L of capacity. The addition of micronutrients was responsible for the increase of 84 % and 51 % in FAME content for S. obliquus BR003 and S. bajacalifornicus BR024 strains, respectively. The highest lipid yields obtained in treatments with NaCl addition were: (1) 11.58 mg L -1 d -1 for the semi- continuous mode, S. bajacalifornicus BR024 line in the treatment with 5 g L -1 and (2) 10.74 mg L -1 d -1 for batch mode, S. obliquus BR003 and 10 g L -1 treatment. There was no significant effect of phosphorus on lipid yield, and nitrogen was only significant in the semi-continuous mode. The outdoor cultivation of S. obliquus BR003 corroborated the laboratory-scale results, in which the single batch and semi-continuous methods presented neutral lipid yields of 2.87 and 3.35 mg L -1 d -1 (p > 0.05). However, in comparison to the single batch mode, the biomass extracted more frequently in the semi- continuous mode presented lower levels of neutral lipids, resulting in higher costs for collection operations, biomass concentration, cell disruption and oil extraction for biodiesel production. Open tank cultivation, even under low-temperature conditions as observed in the experiments, was an excellent strategy to increase scale and reduce the cost of biomass production. In addition, S. obliquus has been shown to be a promising line for lipid production in open tanks, with the desired fatty acid composition for biodiesel production.
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ROCHA, Dilson Novais. Associação de fatores de estresse e modos de cultivo para aumento da produtividade de lipídeos em Scenedesmus spp.. 2018. 92 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Agrícola) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2018.
